Urban Dynamics: The Chicago Architecture Center's Eleanor Gorski on Advancing Cities and Championing Causes
By Pat Dimond
Eleanor Esser Gorski, AIA is the CEO & President of the Chicago Architecture Center, the leading organization devoted to celebrating Chicago as a center of architectural innovation and education. The CAC serves 700,000+ patrons annually, and has cemented Chicago as the “City of Architecture.” Gorski, a licensed architect, brings to this role more than twenty-five years in architecture, historic preservation and urban planning; a passion for equity through design; and a wealth of Chicago knowledge, including key city leadership roles under three mayoral administrations.
Gorski is a fellow of the American Academy of Rome, has received the Rome Prize for Historic Preservation from the American Academy, AIA Chicago’s Distinguished Service Award, the ULI Chicago Breakthrough Award, and recognition from C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group and Landmarks Illinois. She graduated Summa cum Laude from Penn State University and received her Master’s in Architecture from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She is a fellow of the Civic Leadership Academy at the University of Chicago’s Harris School of Public Policy, sits on the Local Advisory Board of USC Chicago, Urban Land Institute Chicago board, the alumni board of the University of Illinois School of Architecture and the Board of the Illinois Medical District. She is a proud mom to two teenage boys and lives in Chicago.
PD: Tell me about your upbringing. Where did you grow up?
EEG: I’m from Pittsburgh and spent my childhood in the heart of the city. It's noteworthy because although Pittsburgh is relatively small, it sprawls with numerous suburbs, boasting a rich history. During my early years, my parents granted my brother and me the freedom to venture wherever we pleased. This independence led me to master the intricacies of public transportation, allowing me to explore the city extensively as an adolescent. Reflecting on those days, I realize they played a pivotal role in shaping my understanding of urban dynamics.
I love to get on Google Street View and explore cities with interesting topographies, so I've virtually visited Pittsburgh.
For someone in your field like architecture, a visit is highly recommended. The city is truly captivating, with its roots deeply embedded in the steel industry, and the robber baron legacy can be felt downtown with the different commercial buildings. My educational journey took me to Penn State, where I pursued my undergraduate degree in history and art history. It was through this academic path that I found my way into architecture. My goal wasn't solely to be a designer of new structures but rather to enhance my understanding of the built environment. This knowledge empowers me to be a more influential advocate for improved urban landscapes, encompassing aspects like historic preservation.
Eleanor traveling.
There is something so special about the provenance of a building. That's what holds the stories, telling us who lived in them, and what happened in them.
I have a somewhat nerdy story from my childhood that served as an introduction to my passion for preservation. During family trips to historic sites along the East Coast, including iconic homes like Monticello and Mount Vernon, I, not being the most outgoing child, would discreetly part ways with my parents. I'd feign getting lost, and remarkably, the kind old ladies managing these places would often take me behind the scenes. There, I'd engage in conversations, peppering them with questions about the intricacies of these homes. It might sound peculiar, but that experience fueled my genuine fascination with the unseen aspects of a dwelling. Why did the designer make certain choices? What's the story behind its unique features? These were questions I started asking from a very young age.
I remember feeling completely at ease asking strangers if I could tour their homes. Which, in retrospect, I view as an invasive question, but when we're young, you can get away with stuff like that, and it's a real privilege.
The driving force was the genuine enthusiasm and interest in understanding the intricacies of different spaces. In those moments, there's a compelling urge, a feeling of necessity to explore and witness firsthand. It's a sentiment that's hard to resist when you're fueled by such passion and curiosity.
“I find inspiration in younger architects . . . many are moving beyond the confines of the studio, engaging with their communities, embarking on art projects, and expressing their ideas through writing. This shift represents a departure from the conventional corporate firm model, reflecting a desire for more meaningful and community-oriented work.”
You received the Rome Prize for Historic Preservation from the American Academy in Rome. What was that experience like?
Receiving the Rome Prize for Historic Preservation from the American Academy in Rome was a transformative experience for me. At the time, I had been immersed in city government for several years and found myself at a crossroads, contemplating my future. The aftermath of 9/11 prompted a collective reevaluation of life trajectories, much like the recent upheavals we've faced with COVID.
With a long-standing desire to participate in the program in Rome, I decided it was the right moment to explore new possibilities. Fortunately, the timing worked in my favor, as overseas travel wasn't a common consideration for many during that period. I seized the opportunity and applied.
I was fortunate that the City of Chicago, along with Mayor Daley, supported my decision to take time off and then return to my position. They recognized the value of the experience and were excited about the opportunity it presented. Notably, I was concurrently involved in designating a significant lakefront commercial district as a landmark district. Owners were resisting, fearing economic stagnation. The idea I took to Europe was that cities embracing changes that align with both economic interests and historic preservation can achieve monumental success. This perspective was integral to my application for the American Academy.
During my time in Rome, Amsterdam, and Berlin, I focused not only on the buildings but also delved into city planning and zoning. Engaging with local bureaucrats provided valuable insights into the implementation of preservation strategies that maintained the cities' aesthetic integrity. This experience played a crucial role in shaping my approach in Chicago.
Eleanor traveling.
Eleanor with friends at the Chicago Pride Parade.
What is most on your mind right now?
Currently, my thoughts are centered around the transformative influence of AI on the field of architecture. While some anticipate it as a potential threat that could replace architects, I see it as a liberating force. I believe AI has the potential to open up the profession, allowing single practitioners and a broader range of individuals to contribute to architecture in meaningful ways.
In my new role at the Chicago Architecture Center, I've been exploring how the practice of architecture is evolving. I find inspiration in younger architects who are not only questioning the traditional norms of the profession but actively reshaping it. Many are moving beyond the confines of the studio, engaging with their communities, embarking on art projects, and expressing their ideas through writing. This shift represents a departure from the conventional corporate firm model, reflecting a desire for more meaningful and community-oriented work.
I admire the courage of these younger architects, who are challenging the status quo and bringing fresh perspectives to the field. My goal is to champion and support their efforts at the architecture center, as I believe it fosters a more democratic and inclusive practice of design within our cities. I'm genuinely excited about the positive transformations happening within the architectural profession.
What have been the most significant challenges, and how did you tackle those obstacles?
In my practice, particularly within the public realm and city government, navigating the intricate landscape of politics, especially in a city like Chicago, presented constant surprises. One of the most disappointing aspects was losing preservation battles. In those moments, I questioned if I could have done more — reaching out to the community, spending more time convincing them. However, each setback became an opportunity for growth and learning. I've developed a perspective that allows me to say, "I started that process wrong; I'll do it better next time."
A significant realization from working in the public realm is understanding that a professional has a shelf life. It's essential not to overstay in any job, recognizing when it's time to step aside. While I love the work, I've come to acknowledge the importance of making way for younger, talented individuals to contribute and reshape our city. As one progresses in their career, it's crucial to read the signs, assess comfort levels, and actively support emerging talent to ensure a continuous positive impact.
“A significant realization from working in the public realm is understanding that a professional has a shelf life . . . As one progresses in their career, it’s crucial to read the signs, assess comfort levels, and actively support emerging talent to ensure a continuous positive impact.”
What are you most excited about right now?
I'm thrilled about the prospect of elevating the Chicago Architecture Center to a new level. While our foundation is rooted in showcasing the history of Chicago and educating people about it, I'm eager to expand our focus. I want to actively support the profession, especially of younger architects, and contribute to discussions about design thinking and the evolving direction of cities.
Coming from the industry, I find myself uniquely positioned to champion these causes and use the platform of the CAC to promote them. In April, we have an exciting exhibit opening that will spotlight our architects in Chicago. It will showcase ongoing projects, what's currently on the drawing boards, and the ways these architects are influencing global developments. This initiative aims to highlight the significant impact Chicago architects have while also reminding people that progress continues, even in the aftermath of the pandemic. I'm excited about bringing attention to the ongoing vitality of the architectural landscape in our city.
You addressed this earlier but are there particular folks you're admiring now?
There's a group here in Chicago that I find incredibly admirable called Arquitina. What sets them apart is their dedicated support for Latina architects in their journey to licensure. Whenever I engage with this community, I feel a tremendous sense of energy and inspiration. Their growth has been exponential, forming a close-knit sisterhood that offers remarkable support.
What stands out to me is that their approach is a complete departure from the architecture landscape I encountered. Arquitina brings a sense of fun and community to the profession while supporting young Latina architects, who are largely underrepresented in the industry. Witnessing their journey from a grassroots organization to a powerhouse in Chicago is truly remarkable. The force behind Arquitina is Alicia Ponce, a friend of mine and an alum of UIUC. She not only founded the group but also leads her firm, Monarch. I admire the innovative and impactful work they are doing to empower and uplift Latina architects in Chicago.
Eleanor with colleagues.
I read that a hallmark of your work is how it centers equity and community, integrating design plans and preservation. Is there a project whose impact you're most proud of?
One project that stands out for me, and of which I am particularly proud, is the transformation of the Fulton Market District in Chicago. This area has become one of the country's most vibrant commercial districts, both in terms of construction and securing loans. I played a pivotal role in the early stages of rezoning this district, transitioning it from an industrial meatpacking area to the thriving corridor it is today. Before the significant growth took off, we strategically implemented the Neighborhood Opportunity Fund. This fund finances commercial and cultural projects in neighborhoods lacking private investment, utilizing revenue generated from downtown development.
Essentially, this initiative required developers benefiting from the zoning changes to share in the upside and contribute a portion of their profits to the community. These funds were then directed to neighborhoods in need, supporting entrepreneurs and small businesses. As the Fulton Market District continued to prosper, so did the funding pool for other communities around the city. This approach allowed us to connect the growth of downtown to the support of neighborhood business districts, demonstrating a tangible and measurable impact. Witnessing Chicago's evolution in this way has been truly inspiring, providing a practical example of achieving both growth and equity in a city. It's about real results, actual dollars and cents, and measurable progress when we talk about equity.
It sounds like a possible solution to redlining.
Absolutely.
What advice do you have for those starting their career?
For those starting their career in architecture, my advice is to recognize that architecture school equips you with a versatile skill set. Graduates from architecture programs are often the most creative problem solvers, capable of both detail-oriented work and thinking on a grand scale. Even in my current role, I appreciate and enjoy working with architects, valuing their unique perspective.
Keep your options open and be opportunistic. Let your passion guide you and be willing to explore various opportunities that come your way. In my own career, I followed my passions and, when presented with an opportunity, assessed how to approach it before diving in. If one door doesn't open, rest assured another one will. Avoid planning every detail to perfection; circumstances change, and flexibility is key. Embrace various interests throughout your career, be open to adjustment, and consider volunteering to learn even if it falls outside your immediate job description. The diversity of experiences will enrich your professional journey.